ABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of multivitamin and micronutrient supplementation in azoospermic patients with maturation arrest. A total of 35 azoospermic patients showing maturation arrest on testicular biopsy were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into two groups. Untreated group (n=11) without any treatment and treated group (n=24) who received multivitamins, micronutrients and co-enzyme Q10. The sperm concentration, motility and morphology were evaluated at monthly interval. The results showed reduction in liquefaction time and relative viscosity of the semen in the treated group. Further, in treated group there was appearance of spermatozoa (4.0 million/ml) exhibiting progressive motility (7%) and normal morphology (6%), even in the first follow up visit. The sperm count, motility and normal morphology increased significantly on subsequent visits. Within 3 months (3 visits) 2 pregnancies were reported. These observations indicate that multivitamin and micronutrient supplementation improve the qualitative and quantitative parameters of seminogram in patients with azoospermia of maturation arrest.
ABSTRACT
Effect of cumulative doses (7, 14 and 28 mgkg-1 body weight) of testosterone (T) and estradiol-17b (E2) on total phospholipids (TP), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in tissues were investigated during the gonadal recrudescence, in prespawning phase of the annual reproductive cycle in intact and ovariectomized freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. After ovariectomy, the hepatic levels of TP and PE were elevated and remained unaffected for PC, PS and PE when compared with control. In general, T and E2 were stimulatory for a specific class of phospholipid in tissues of intact and ovariectomized catfish. These effects were higher at 14 and 28 mg kg-1 body weight in ovariectomized catfish whereas 7 mgkg-1 body weight of T and E2 have pronounced effect in intact ovaries. In conclusion, the various phospholipid biosynthesis were under T and E2 dependent. Among the phospholipid, the PC was the main constituent and was sex steroid dependent biosynthesis during prespawning phase.
ABSTRACT
The catfish, H. fossilis were exposed to endosulfan for 30 days at sub-lethal concentration (0.002 ppm) during different phases of its annual reproductive cycle. Its impact on total (TP) and different phospholipids- phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatdylinositol (Pl) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were measured in liver plasma and ovary. On pesticide exposure, during preparatory phase, the hepatic TP PC and PE were declined. The plasma levels of TP, PC and PS were declined with the elevation of PE whereas in ovary only PC was lowered after endosulfan exposure. During pre-spawning phase, the hepatic TP, PC and PE declined in liver plasma and ovary after endosulfan exposure. During spawning phase, only plasma and ovarian phospholipids showed decrease in their levels following endosulfan exposure. In the post-spawning phase, endosulfan elevated the levels of TP, PC and PS in ovary but had no effect on their levels in liver and plasma. During resting phase, the TP, PC and Pl were found to be decreasing its levels. Thus it appears that this pesticide interfere with phospholipids metabolism during annual reproductive cycle of this species.
Subject(s)
Animals , Catfishes/blood , Endosulfan/toxicity , Female , Insecticides/toxicity , Liver/drug effects , Ovary/drug effects , Phospholipids/blood , Reproduction/drug effectsABSTRACT
Male Heteropneustes fossilis were exposed for 30 days at sublethal concentration (0.002 ppm) during different phases of its annual reproductive cycle. Its impact on total phospholipids (TP), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatdylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were measured in liver, plasma and testes. During preparatory phase, in general, the levels for TP, PC, PS, PI and PE decreased after endosulfan exposure in the above tissues. During prespawning and spawning phases, the phospholipids also showed decreasing trend. The postspawning phase, exhibited decline in hepatic levels of PS and PI only and remained unaffected in the other two tissues. During the resting phase too, the hepatic levels of TP, PS and PI declined and remained unaltered in others. The present results indicate that endosulfan have very selective effects on phospholipids classes during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle interfering with the production of lipid deprived energy i.e. vitellogenin. In general, endosulfan has inhibitory role during reproductive growth affecting phospholipid biosynthesis via hepatic enzyme systems as well as by hormonal imbalance.